Table 1 Baseline characteristics and outcome by baseline degree of religiosity
Religiosity | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not religious at all | Slightly religious | Somewhat religious | Very religious | |||||
n = 16,050 | n = 25,378 | n = 17,992 | n = 6,478 | |||||
Outcomes | ||||||||
Fracture, n (%) | 518 | (3.2) | 933 | (3.7) | 867 | (4.8) | 435 | (6.7) |
Delta T score, % (SD) | 0.1 | (17.0) | -0.1 | (16.9) | -0.1 | (16.8) | -0.2 | (16.9) |
Follow-up periods, days (IQR) | 2,346 | (843- 3,816) | 2,464 | (945—3,963) | 2,572.5 | (1,077—4,032) | 2,553 | (1,076—4,012) |
Demographics | ||||||||
Age, years (SD) | 41.7 | (11.2) | 45.3 | (11.5) | 49.3 | (12.1) | 52.1 | (13.0) |
Male, n (%) | 8,810 | (54.9) | 13,321 | (52.5) | 8,080 | (44.9) | 2,803 | (43.3) |
Body mass index | ||||||||
Underweight | 1,657 | (10.3) | 2,385 | (9.4) | 1,691 | (9.4) | 576 | (8.9) |
Normal | 11,423 | (71.2) | 18,164 | (71.6) | 12,670 | (70.4) | 4,522 | (69.8) |
Obesity/overweight | 2,968 | (18.5) | 4,829 | (19.0) | 3,631 | (20.2) | 1,380 | (21.3) |
Health habits, n (%) | ||||||||
Alcohol consumption | ||||||||
Abstainer | 6,064 | (37.8) | 9,265 | (36.5) | 7,263 | (40.4) | 3,085 | (47.6) |
Occasional | 2,704 | (16.9) | 4,662 | (18.4) | 3,276 | (18.2) | 1,098 | (17.0) |
Regular | 7,282 | (45.4) | 11,451 | (45.1) | 7,453 | (41.4) | 2,295 | (35.4) |
Cigarette smoking | ||||||||
Never smoker | 9,151 | (57.0) | 15,074 | (59.4) | 11,317 | (62.9) | 4,248 | (65.6) |
Former smoker | 3,174 | (19.8) | 5,774 | (22.8) | 4,220 | (23.5) | 1,444 | (22.3) |
Current smoker | 3,725 | (23.2) | 4,530 | (17.9) | 2,455 | (13.6) | 786 | (12.1) |
Exercise | ||||||||
Almost none | 7,176 | (44.7) | 9,649 | (38.0) | 5,953 | (33.1) | 2,057 | (31.8) |
Once to twice a week | 5,621 | (35.0) | 9,846 | (38.8) | 6,804 | (37.8) | 2,241 | (34.6) |
3–5 times a week | 1,966 | (12.3) | 3,704 | (14.6) | 3,236 | (18.0) | 1,196 | (18.5) |
Almost everyday | 1,287 | (8.0) | 2,179 | (8.6) | 1,999 | (11.1) | 984 | (15.2) |
Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||||
Hypertension | 835 | (5.2) | 1,774 | (7.0) | 1,640 | (9.1) | 745 | (11.5) |
Diabetes | 280 | (1.7) | 571 | (2.3) | 510 | (2.8) | 270 | (4.2) |
Dyslipidemia | 434 | (2.7) | 992 | (3.9) | 1,008 | (5.6) | 450 | (7.0) |
Depression | 447 | (2.9) | 674 | (2.7) | 540 | (2.9) | 212 | (3.0) |
Medications for depression | 167 | (1.1) | 270 | (1.1) | 207 | (1.1) | 86 | (1.2) |
Fracture related factors | ||||||||
Baseline T score, % (SD) | 96.7 | (13.6) | 96.8 | (13.4) | 97.0 | (13.2) | 96.9 | (13.2) |
Osteoporosis, n (%) | 17 | (0.1) | 56 | (0.2) | 77 | (0.4) | 47 | (0.7) |
Treatment for osteoporosis, n (%) | 8 | (0.1) | 29 | (0.1) | 33 | (0.2) | 23 | (0.4) |
Selective estrogen receptor modulator | 2 | (0.0) | 3 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.0) |
Vitamin D | 7 | (0.0) | 25 | (0.1) | 31 | (0.2) | 23 | (0.4) |
Bisphosphonate | 7 | (0.0) | 25 | (0.1) | 31 | (0.2) | 23 | (0.4) |
Vitamin K | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
Calcium | 3 | (0.0) | 4 | (0.0) | 5 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.0) |