Table 3 Multiple linear regression for the ΔSTSS scores of all subjects. N = 305 (independent variables: age, sex, ΔDIF, ΔDDF, and ΔEOT)

Mean ± SD

3.03 ± 9.09

0.93 ± 4.83

0.69 ± 4.57

1.16 ± 4.62

Model summary (r²)

0.142

0.121

0.043

0.036

F value

9.860

8.235

2.662

2.241

Durbin-Watson

1.923

2.097

1.850

1.946

Cook’s distance

0.107

0.076

0.90

0.128

p value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.023

0.05

Constant

5.521

1.504

1.600

1.734

Age

(mean ± SD: 53.69 ± 15.05; VIF: 1.020)

r

-0.101

0.003

-0.083

-0.071

B

-0.055

0.004

-0.023

-0.022

p value

0.093

0.820

0.195

0.219

Sex

(male/female: 30/275; VIF: 1.010)

r

0.011

-0.032

0.014

0.023

B

-0.002

-0.549

0.085

0.270

p value

0.999

0.535

0.922

0.760

ΔDIF

(mean ± SD: 0.61 ± 4.23; VIF: 1.379)

r

0.364^***

0.342^***

0.189^**

0.161^**

B

0.731

0.368

0.198

0.171

p value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.006

0.019

ΔDDF

(mean ± SD: 0.26 ± 3.14; VIF: 1.361)

r

0.213^***

0.211^***

0.105

0.070

B

0.110

0.077

0.021

-0.028

p value

0.545

0.428

0.827

0.773

ΔEOT

(mean ± SD: -0.23 ± 3.52; VIF: 1.035)

r

0.058

0.027

-0.003

0.091

B

0.025

-0.40

-0.034

0.099

p value

0.859

0.595

0.652

0.193

ΔTAS-20 total r

0. 311^***

0. 285^***

0. 157^**

0. 146^*