Table 2 Results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Japanese version of Acceptance and Action Diabetes Questionnaire

original 11-item version

Schimmit’s 6-item version

1

I try to avoid reminders of my diabetes.

0.62

0.67

2

I have thoughts and feelings about being diabetic that are distressing.^b

− 0.55

3

I do not take care of my diabetes because it reminds me that I have diabetes.

0.50

0.53

4

I eat things I shouldn’t eat when the urge to eat them is overwhelming.

0.55

5

When I have an upsetting feeling or thought about my diabetes, I try to get rid of that feeling or thought.

0.67

0.69

6

I avoid taking or forget to take my medication because it reminds me that I have diabetes.

0.46

0.49

7

I avoid stress or try to get rid of it by eating what I know I shouldn’t eat.

0.63

8

I often deny to myself what diabetes can do to my body.

0.71

0.67

9

I don’t exercise regularly because it reminds me that I have diabetes.

0.53

10

I avoid thinking about what diabetes can do to me.

0.61

0.58

11

I avoid thinking about diabetes because someone I knew died from diabetes.

0.57

CFI

RMSEA

0.78

0.13

0.79

0.20

0.84

0.12