Senior (n = 8) | Expert (n = 8) | t | p | Effect size (Cohen’s d) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DS‐14 (score) | |||||
Negative affectivity | 11.3 ± 1.6 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | 2.76 | .015 | 1.38 |
Social inhibition | 8.9 ± 2.1 | 9.1 ± 1.6 | .09 | .927 | .05 |
COPE (score) | |||||
Social support | 29.6 ± 1.7 | 32.1 ± 2.6 | .80 | .436 | .40 |
Avoidance | 21.8 ± 1.1 | 20.9 ± 2.2 | .36 | .722 | .18 |
Positive attitude | 32.4 ± 1.5 | 33.6 ± 1.4 | .60 | .560 | .30 |
Task oriented | 32.4 ± 1.6 | 34.8 ± 1.9 | .95 | .360 | .47 |
Transcendent orientation | 21.6 ± 1.8 | 21.3 ± 1.8 | .14 | .887 | .07 |
CESD (score) | |||||
Depressive symptoms (pre-social stress test) | 15.5 ± 2.9 | 7.8 ± 0.9 | 2.50 | .025 | 1.25 |
Depressive symptoms (pre-surgery) | 18.4 ± 2.5 | 10.0 ± 1.5 | 2.84 | .013 | 1.42 |
PSS (score) | |||||
Perceived stress (pre-social stress test) | 17.3 ± 2.2 | 13.2 ± 1.9 | 1.36 | .195 | .68 |
Perceived stress (pre-surgery) | 19.6 ± 2.0 | 14.8 ± 1.9 | 1.80 | .093 | .90 |
STAI (score) | |||||
Trait anxiety | 39.8 ± 2.6 | 33.0 ± 1.9 | 2.10 | .054 | 1.05 |
State anxiety (pre-social stress) | 36.9 ± 8.7 | 33.0 ± 1.9 | .51 | .617 | .26 |
State anxiety (pre-surgery) | 37.9 ± 2.5 | 35.1 ± 1.4 | .94 | .361 | .47 |