Absent group n = 107 | Non-absent group n = 794 | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Background and lifestyle risk factors, no. (%) | |||
Age, years ± SD | 17.0 ± 1.0 | 16.6 ± 1.0 | <0.001* |
Regular exercise habits | 47 (43.9) | 443 (55.8) | 0.03* |
Prefer sweets | 85 (79.4) | 627 (79.0) | 1.000 |
Prefer salty food | 58 (54.2) | 293 (36.9) | 0.001* |
Drink coffee | 36 (33.6) | 204 (25.7) | 0.09 |
Premenstrual symptoms (over moderate severity), no. (%) | |||
Depressed mood | 47 (43.9) | 133 (16.8) | <0.001* |
Anxiety or tension | 62 (57.9) | 215 (27.1) | <0.001* |
Tearful | 53 (49.5) | 141 (17.8) | <0.001* |
Anger or irritability | 64 (59.8) | 209 (26.3) | <0.001* |
Decreased interest in work, home, or social activities | 32 (29.9) | 63 (7.9) | <0.001* |
Difficulty concentrating | 41 (38.3) | 125 (15.7) | <0.001* |
Fatigue or lack of energy | 71 (66.4) | 228 (28.7) | <0.001* |
Overeating or food cravings | 48 (44.9) | 185 (23.3) | <0.001* |
Insomnia or hypersomnia | 57 (53.3) | 140 (17.6) | <0.001* |
Feeling overwhelmed | 27 (25.2) | 57 (7.2) | <0.001* |
Physical symptoms | 64 (59.8) | 202 (25.4) | <0.001* |
Induced interference with work, usual activities, or relationships (over moderate severity), no. (%) | |||
Work efficiency or productivity, home responsibility | 41 (38.3) | 99 (12.5) | <0.001* |
Social life activities | 28 (26.2) | 34 (4.3) | <0.001* |
Relationships with coworkers or family | 23 (21.5) | 28 (3.5) | <0.001* |