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Table 1 Demographic characteristics and questionnaire scores of the participants

From: Roles of childhood maltreatment, personality traits, and life stress in the prediction of severe premenstrual symptoms

 

Number or mean (S.D.)

Correlation with PMDD scale section A score

Demographic characteristic

  Age (years)

32.16 (6.82)

r = –0.18**

  Education (years)

14.90 (1.66)

r = 0.02 (n.s.)

  Number of family members

1.53 (1.59)

r = –0.01 (n.s.)

  Age of first menstruation (years)

12.38 (1.41)

r = 0.04 (n.s.)

  Marital status (married: single)

102: 138

ρ = –0.08 (n.s.)

  Employment status (employed: nonemployed)

203: 31

ρ = –0.04 (n.s.)

  History of physical diseases (yes: no)

32: 208

ρ = 0.08 (n.s.)

  History of gynecological diseases (yes: no)

64: 175

ρ = –0.01 (n.s.)

  Treatment history of psychiatric conditions (yes: no)

18: 222

ρ = 0.01 (n.s.)

  Family history of psychiatric diseases (yes: no)

16: 223

ρ = –0.06 (n.s.)

  Menstrual cycle (irregular: regular)

59: 175

ρ = 0.13*

  Offspring (yes: no)

79: 159

ρ = –0.12 (n.s.)

  OCs / LEP (use: non-use)

15: 225

ρ = 0.10 (n.s.)

  Smoking habit (yes: no)

23: 217

ρ = –0.02 (n.s.)

  Drinking habit (yes: no)

40: 198

ρ = 0.06 (n.s.)

Questionnaire score

  PHQ-9

4.72 (5.07)

r = 0.40**

  CATS total

26.95 (17.02)

r = 0.26**

  LES

Positive

0.75 (1.90)

r = 0.09 (n.s.)

Negative

0.98 (2.59)

r = 0.20**

  TCI

Temperament

Novelty seeking (NS)

29.32 (5.91)

r = –0.004 (n.s.)

Harm avoidance (HA)

34.42 (8.25)

r = 0.29**

Reward dependence (RD)

28.34 (4.80)

r = 0.03 (n.s.)

Persistence (P)

7.50 (2.20)

r = 0.04 (n.s.)

Character

Self-directedness (SD)

44.43 (9.77)

r = –0.27**

Cooperativeness (C)

47.54 (6.82)

r = –0.05 (n.s.)

Self-transcendence (ST)

11.23 (5.76)

r = 0.11 (n.s.)

 

PMDD scale section A

22.31 (7.68)

 
  1. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01
  2. r, Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient; ρ, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient; CATS Child Abuse and Trauma Scale, LEP low dose estrogen-progestin, LES Life Experiences Survey, n.s. not significant (p ≥ 0.05), OCs oral contraceptives, PHQ-9 Patient Health Quesstionaire-9, PMDD scale premenstrual dysphoric disorder scale, S.D. standard deviation, TCI Temperament and Character Inventory