Table 3 Effect of changes in dietary habits on optimal well-being
A. Effect of changes in dietary habits (dinner within 2 hours before sleep) on WHO-5 scores in 2017 | ||||||
WHO-5 scores (raw score) | n | Mean | SD | p | ||
Maintaining bad habits | 307 | 11.88 | 4.86 | |||
Worsening | 145 | 12.28 | 4.91 | |||
Improving | 166 | 12.77 | 4.99 | |||
Maintaining good habits | 1163 | 12.96 | 5.03 | p < 0.01 | ||
vs maintaining bad habits | ||||||
B. Association between optimal well-being and changes in dietary habits (dinner within 2 hours before sleep) | ||||||
Characteristic | No. of participants with optimal WB/No. of participants | Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |||
Maintaining bad habits | 66/307 | 1 | 1 | |||
Worsening | 30/145 | 0.94 | 0.58–1.54 | 0.91 | 0.54–1.54 | |
Improving | 50/166 | 1.59 | 1.03–2.45 | 1.58 | 0.99–2.52 | |
Maintaining good habits | 347/1163 | 1.52 | 1.12–2.07 | 1.36 | 0.98–1.89 | |
C. Effect of changes in dietary habits (snacking after dinner over 3 times/week) on WHO-5 scores in 2017 | ||||||
WHO-5 scores (raw score) | n | Mean | SD | p | ||
Maintaining bad habits | 341 | 12.06 | 4.87 | |||
Worsening | 164 | 11.95 | 4.83 | |||
Improving | 175 | 12.58 | 4.66 | |||
Maintaining good habits | 1105 | 13.04 | 5.09 | p < 0.01 | ||
vs maintaining bad habits | ||||||
D. Association between optimal well-being and changes in dietary habits (snacking after dinner over 3 times/week) | ||||||
No. of participants with optimal WB/No. of participants | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||
OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |||
Maintaining bad habits | 78/341 | 1 | 1 | |||
Worsening | 36/164 | 0.91 | 0.58–1.44 | 0.95 | 0.59–1.55 | |
Improving | 48/175 | 1.25 | 0.82–1.90 | 1.29 | 0.82–2.04 | |
Maintaining good habits | 333/1105 | 1.36 | 1.02–1.81 | 1.30 | 0.95–1.77 | |