Table 2 Changes in psychosocial and cognitive variables for Shogi-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy (S-CBT) and control group, according to the levels of subjecvtive well-being (SWB)
Scores at baseline and follow-up | Change scores from baseline | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
SCBT group | Control group | Adjusted SCBT-Control difference (95%CI)a | Effect size | |
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | (Cohen’s d)b | ||
Low SWB group (n = 30) | (n = 16) | (n = 14) | ||
Mental health status, K6 (total score range: 0–20) | ||||
Baseline | 7.00 (3.79) | 5.71 (4.34) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 6.15 (4.43) | 4.09 (3.91) | 1.72 (− 1.26, 4.69) | 0.18 |
Social network scale (score range: 0–15) | ||||
Baseline | 8.63 (3.83) | 6.93 (2.40) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 7.69 (3.72) | 7.00 (3.63) | −0.47 (−2.74, 1.80) | − 0.15 |
Cognitive behavioral functioning (score range: 1–5) | ||||
Distraction activity when depressed | ||||
Baseline | 3.13 (1.26) | 3.57 (1.16) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 3.54 (1.20) | 3.00 (1.26) | 0.90 (−0.01, 1.81) | 0.46 |
Behavior inhibition when depressed | ||||
Baseline | 2.63 (1.36) | 2.64 (1.01) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 2.15 (1.14) | 2.64 (0.81) | −0.44 (−1.28, 0.39) | − 0.12 |
Proble solving skill against stress | ||||
Baseline | 3.00 (0.82) | 3.29 (0.99) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 3.85 (0.90) | 2.91 (0.94) | 1.01 (0.27, 1.74) | 0.50 |
Self-reinforcement | ||||
Baseline | 2.88 (0.81) | 2.50 (0.85) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 3.77 (1.01) | 2.73 (1.01) | 0.92 (0.08, 1.76) | 0.32 |
Negative autonomic thought | ||||
Baseline | 3.50 (1.32) | 2.79 (1.19) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 2.92 (1.44) | 3.00 (1.10) | −0.29 (−1.24, 0.66) | − 0.19 |
High SWB group (n = 31) | (n = 17) | (n = 14) | ||
Mental health status, K6 (total score range: 0–20) | ||||
Baseline | 3.76 (3.07) | 3.64 (2.92) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 4.00 (3.44) | 4.62 (4.19) | −0.68 (−2.82, 1.45) | − 0.13 |
Social network scale (score range: 0–15) | ||||
Baseline | 7.12 (4.01) | 7.35 (5.14) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 6.93 (2.74) | 6.77 (2.77) | 0.40 (−1.37, 2.17) | 0.15 |
Cognitive behavioral functioning (score range: 1–5) | ||||
Distraction activity when depressed | ||||
Baseline | 3.12 (1.36) | 3.36 (1.34) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 4.07 (0.70) | 3.69 (1.11) | 0.43 (−0.24, 1.11) | 0.23 |
Behavior inhibition when depressed | ||||
Baseline | 2.35 (0.93) | 2.29 (0.91) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 1.73 (0.80) | 2.46 (0.78) | −0.73 (−1.35, 0.10) | − 0.28 |
Proble solving skill against stress | ||||
Baseline | 3.47 (1.12) | 3.14 (1.23) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 4.07 (0.70) | 3.62 (0.87) | 0.44 (−0.19, 1.07) | 0.02 |
Self-reinforcement | ||||
Baseline | 2.47 (1.07) | 3.14 (1.03) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 3.47 (1.13) | 2.77 (0.73) | 1.01 (0.26, 1.76) | 0.58 |
Negative autonomic thought | ||||
Baseline | 3.24 (1.09) | 2.50 (1.16) | – | – |
Post-intervention | 2.33 (1.18) | 3.00 (1.15) | −0.61 (−1.58, 0.37) | −0.39 |