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Table 1 Participant characteristics and comparison of ANr and ANbp patients

From: Purging behaviors relate to impaired subjective sleep quality in female patients with anorexia nervosa: a prospective observational study

 

All (n = 20)

ANr (n = 8)

ANbp (n = 12)

P

Age at admission, years

28.6 ± 13.1

26.4 ± 17.1

30.1 ± 10.2

0.549

Body mass index, kg/m2

13.3 ± 2.2

12.6 ± 1.5

13.7 ± 2.5

0.256

Duration of illness, years

7.2 ± 8.9

2.6 ± 2.7

10.2 ± 10.4

0.031*

Current menstruation

3(15%)

0(0%)

3(25%)

0.193

Use of sedative drugs

5 (25%)

0(0%)

5(42%)

0.051

Habitual eating behaviors

 Binge-eating alone

0(0%)

0(0%)

0(0%)

 

 Vomiting

9 (45%)

0(0%)

9 (75%)

 Chewing

3 (15%)

0(0%)

3(25%)

 No binge-eating/vomiting/chewing

8(40%)

8(100%)

0(0%)

Drug abuse

 Laxative overuse

2 (10%)

0(0%)

2(17%)

 

 Uretic misuse

1 (5%)

0(0%)

1(8%)

CES-D, score (0–60)

28.3 ± 14.6

24.0 ± 16.5

31.1 ± 13.1

0.299

PSQI-J

 Global PSQI-J, score (0–21)

7.05 ± 4.21

4.63 ± 2.62

8.67 ± 4.38

0.031*

 C1 subjective sleep quality, score (0–3)

1.50 ± 0.83

1.25 ± 0.71

1.67 ± 0.89

0.281

 C2 sleep latency, score (0–3)

1.05 ± 1.15

0.38 ± 0.74

1.50 ± 1.17

0.027*

 C3 sleep duration, score (0–3)

1.20 ± 1.06

1.00 ± 0.93

1.33 ± 1.16

0.504

 C4 habitual sleep efficiency, score (0–3)

0.50 ± 1.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.83 ± 1.19

0.034*

 C5 sleep disturbances, score (0–3)

1.10 ± 0.64

1.00 ± 0.76

1.17 ± 0.58

0.583

 C6 use of sleep medication, score (0–3)

0.60 ± 1.14

0.38 ± 1.06

0.75 ± 1.22

0.487

 C7 daytime dysfunction, score (0–3)

1.10 ± 0.85

0.63 ± 0.74

1.42 ± 0.79

0.038*

Impaired sleep qualitya

11(55%)

2(25%)

9(75%)

0.040†

Circadian rhythm disruptionb

9(45%)

1(13%)

8(67%)

0.025†

Abnormal sleep durationc

6(30%)

0(0%)

6(50%)

0.024†

  1. Figures are in n (%) or means ± SD. *P < 0.05 on t-test. †P < 0.05 on Fisher’s exact test. aGlobal PSQI-J > 5 score. bSleep-onset time before 21 h or after 25 h, or wake-up time before 5 h or after 9 h. cSleep duration ≥10 or ≤5 h. ANr anorexia nervosa restricting type, ANbp anorexia nervosa binge-eating/purging type, CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression, PSQI-J Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index