Fig. 1From: Association between the blood concentrations of ammonia and carnitine/amino acid of schizophrenic patients treated with valproic acidSchematic diagram illustrating the relation between the metabolism of valproic acid and those of amino acids associated with the urea cycle. The symbols 〔 ↑, ↓〕, − and ± indicate increase, decrease, stable, and either increase or decrease in the concentrations of the respective amino acids or substances. Abbreviations: CPS1: carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1, NAG: N-acetyl glutamic acidBack to article page