Modeling students’ instrumental (mis-) use of substances to enhance cognitive performance: Neuroenhancement in the light of job demands-resources theory

Table 4 Standardized path weights of all three tested models

	Model 1^a		Model 2^b		Model 3^c
	Path weight	p	Path weight	p	Path weight	p
JD-R Theory
Main effects
Demands on burnout	.270	< .001	.273	< .001	.262	< .001
Internal resources on motivation	.256	< .001	.252	< .001	.256	< .001
External resources on motivation	.248	< .001	.251	< .001	.246	< .001
Burnout on performance	-.266	< .001	-.267	< .001	-.266	< .001
Motivation on performance	.192	< .001	.191	< .001	.192	< .001
Interactions
Demands * internal resources on motivation	-.016	.624	-.021	.515	-.006	.847
Demands * external resources on motivation	.051	.122	.053	.106	.054	.097
Demands * internal resources on burnout^d	-.073	.008	-.079	.004	-.074	.007
Demands * external resources on burnout^d	-.078	.009	-.075	.012	-.085	.005
Correlations
Demands * internal resources	-.083	.010	-.083	.011	-.083	.010
Demands * external resources	-.294	< .001	-.294	< .001	-.294	< .001
Demands * motivation^d	.205	< .001	.207	< .001	.204	< .001
Internal resources * burnout^d	-.338	< .001	-.342	< .001	-.328	< .001
External resources * burnout^d	-.178	< .001	-.174	< .001	-.185	< .001
JD-R Model & NE
Interactions
Demands * lifestyle NE on burnout			.050	.086
Internal resources * prescription NE on motivation					-.092	.026
Internal resources * prescription NE on burnout					.076	.089
External resources * prescription NE on burnout					.045	.080
Correlations
Lifestyle NE * burnout			.057	.032
Prescription NE * burnout					.166	< .001

Note.^a= general JD-R Theory. ^b= JD-R Theory including lifestyle drug NE. ^c= JD-R Theory including prescription NE. ^d= effects that are not proposed by JD-R Theory but frequently found.

ISSN: 1751-0759