Table 1 Demographics and panic characteristics (N = 830)

Age

34.60 ± 10.01

35.42 ± 10.76

33.77 ± 10.76

33.70 ± 8.18

34.27 ± 9.48

34.54 ± 9.32

0.974

0.421

Sex (M/F)

300 · 530(36.1% · 63.9%)

88 · 220(28.6% · 71.4%)

61 · 67(47.7% · 52.3%)

49 · 51(49.0% · 51.0%)

45 · 83(35.2% · 64.8%)

57 · 109(34.3% · 65.7%)

22.452

< 0.001

Years of Education

13.13 ± 2.20

13.06 ± 2.15

13.06 ± 2.49

13.32 ± 2.10

13.45 ± 2.07

12.95 ± 2.20

1.245

0.29

Drinking (No/Yes)

508 · 288(63.8% · 36.2%)

203 · 88(69.8% · 30.2%)

72 · 54(57.1% · 42.9%)

52 · 43(54.7% · 45.3%)

70 · 55(56.0% · 44.0%)

111 · 48(69.8% · 30.2%)

16.06

0.003

Smoking (No/Yes)

457 · 283(61.8% · 38.2%)

176 · 91(65.9% · 34.1%)

73 · 42(63.5% · 36.5%)

38 · 48(44.2% · 55.8%)

70 · 48(59.3% · 40.7%)

100 · 54(64.9% · 35.1%)

14.298

0.006

Family history

531 · 284(65.2% · 34.8%)

192 · 112(63.2% · 36.8%)

85 · 43(66.4% · 33.6%)

66 · 30(68.8% · 31.3%)

86 · 42(67.2% · 32.8%)

102 · 57(64.2% · 35.8%)

1.472

0.823

First Panic Attack

Age at first PA

28.96 ± 9.75

29.99 ± 10.25

27.77 ± 11.28

29.29 ± 7.87

27.84 ± 7.84

28.66 ± 9.79

1.823

0.122

Severity (0-4)

3.12 ± 0.92

3.22 ± 0.80

2.84 ± 1.03

3.20 ± 0.88

3.01 ± 1.00

3.17 ± 0.94

3.757

0.005

Consultation behavior

Consultation hospitals (n)

2.51 ± 2.08

2.59 ± 1.81

2.46 ± 1.81

2.40 ± 3.24

2.16 ± 1.60

2.72 ± 2.18

1.517

0.195

Duration of consultation to psychiatric service (days)

2105.48 ± 2558.39

2015.35 ± 2573.48

2300.57 ± 2746.20

1648.10 ± 1812.51

2377.37 ± 2600.39

2187.63 ± 2710.60

1.488

0.204

At the initial visit

Agoraphobia (% of each group)

382(46.0%)

115(37.3%)

52(40.6%)

56(56.0%)

78(60.9%)

81(48.8%)

26.836

< 0.001

Depression (SDS score)

40.69 ± 12.04

40.65 ± 11.66

42.71 ± 12.21

38.66 ± 12.49

38.59 ± 12.33

42.11 ± 11.82

2.596

0.035

Anticipation anxiety (0-4)

3.08 ± 1.10

3.00 ± 1.15

3.01 ± 1.08

3.00 ± 1.10

3.14 ± 1.06

3.28 ± 1.00

.651

0.16

Avoidance (0-4)

2.30 ± 1.45

2.04 ± 1.46

2.34 ± 1.46

2.54 ± 1.41

2.46 ± 1.50

2.48 ± 1.38

4.077

0.003