Duration of illness | Less than 1 year | 1–2 years | 3–5 years | More than 5 years |  | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | n = 11 | n = 13 | n = 8 | n = 12 |  | ||||
 | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | F values |
MPS | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Concern over mistakes | 26.55 | (4.18) | 31.85 | (7.39) | 28.75 | (8.43) | 25.08 | (6.40) | 2.41 |
   Personal standards | 21.64 | (6.47) | 22.00 | (3.79) | 19.00 | (6.50) | 19.92 | (4.34) | 0.75 |
   Parental expectations | 8.55 | (3.64) | 13.15 | (5.24) | 8.25 | (3.28) | 13.17 | (5.56) | 3.69* |
   Parental criticism | 8.18 | (3.84) | 9.62 | (3.73) | 8.38 | (3.34) | 9.75 | (4.54) | 0.47 |
   Doubts about actions | 14.27 | (2.20) | 12.69 | (4.05) | 12.88 | (4.22) | 11.83 | (3.86) | 0.87 |
   Organization | 20.73 | (2.72) | 20.62 | (4.52) | 19.75 | (4.59) | 19.58 | (3.85) | 0.24 |
TCI | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Novelty seeking | 45.73 | (7.27) | 47.92 | (5.79) | 43.50 | (7.65) | 44.17 | (5.22) | 1.06 |
   Harm avoidance | 61.18 | (10.23) | 61.46 | (8.52) | 60.50 | (8.80) | 59.58 | (11.83) | 0.09 |
   Reward dependence | 41.09 | (4.72) | 41.00 | (6.30) | 46.00 | (4.78) | 42.67 | (4.40) | 1.85 |
   Persistence | 14.27 | (3.13) | 12.38 | (2.40) | 14.13 | (4.64) | 14.00 | (2.45) | 0.98 |
   Self-directedness | 61.45 | (10.69) | 56.54 | (11.23) | 65.88 | (6.08) | 65.42 | (12.77) | 1.84 |
   Cooperativeness | 74.91 | (5.47) | 69.31 | (10.61) | 77.25 | (5.26) | 75.50 | (6.92) | 2.28 |
   Self-transcendence | 31.09 | (9.02) | 24.15 | (4.22) | 25.13 | (8.64) | 25.25 | (6.11) | 2.30 |
BDI-II | 19.27 | (13.87) | 21.46 | (16.88) | 18.25 | (13.30) | 15.67 | (8.46) | 0.39 |