Skip to main content

Table 4 Mean difference by carer

From: Translation and equivalence assessment for a Japanese version of the modified Parental Nurturance Scale: a comparative study

 

PNSM a)

PNSM-J b)

DESCRIPTIVES

n = 222

n = 1320

Carer

Frequency (%)

Mean (SD)

Frequency (%)

Mean (SD)

Mother

185 (83.3)

126.6 (21.6)

1085 (82.2)

123.2 (16.1)

Father

20 (9.0)

117.8 (21.0)

41 (3.1)

114.0 (21.2)

Parents

4 (1.8)

123.0 (14.6)

12 (0.9)

122.1 (17.4)

Grandmother

2 (0.9)

147.0 (4.2)

53 (4.0)

125.2 (17.2)

School teacher

2 (0.9)

102.5 (34.6)

8 (0.6)

118.8 (11.0)

Nanny

2 (0.9)

111.5 (31.8)

0

 

Brother/Sister

1 (0.5)

146.0

63 (4.8)

112.8 (16.2)

Aunt

1 (0.5)

150.0

1 (0.1)

120.0

Foster parent

1 (0.5)

68.0

1 (0.1)

103.0

Friend

1 (0.5)

106.0

34 (2.6)

121.2 (13.5)

Grand father

0

 

18 (1.4)

122.9 (18.8)

Neighbour

0

 

2 (0.2)

139.0 (9.9)

Myself

0

 

1 (0.1)

109.0

Pet

0

 

1 (0.1)

92.0

Not identified

3 (1.4)

 

0

 

t TEST (Mother vs Father)

n = 205

n = 1126

t

1.739

2.755

df

203

41.771

Significance

p = 0.084

p = 0.009

CI of difference

-1.184 to 18.849

2.463 to 15.969

  1. NOTE: a): The modified Parental Nurturance Scale, administered to native English speakers
  2. b): Translated Japanese version of the modified Parental Nurturance Scale, administered to native Japanese speakers