Variable | No. of items | Possible range of scores | Cronbach' α | Items |
---|---|---|---|---|
Self-assertive efficacy to resist peer pressure | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Self-assertive efficacy against smoking | 1 | 1–5 | Item | How much assertiveness can you express when you are asked by your friends about smoking? (cannot express, cannot express somewhat, neither of them, can express a little, can express) |
   Self-assertive efficacy against drinking | 1 | 1–5 | Item | How much assertiveness can you express when you are asked by your friends about drinking? (cannot express, cannot express somewhat, neither of them, can express a little, can express) |
Parental involvement | 5 | 5–25 | 0.81 | How much do your parents or guardians know about your friends; activities; health habits; how you spend your time after school and on weekends; how you are doing at school? (almost nothing, little, neither know nor unknown, a little, a lot) |
School adjustment | 3 | 3–15 | 0.73 | How hard or easy is it for you to... follow rules, pay attention in class, and get along with teachers? (much harder, a little harder, neither harder nor easier, a little easier, much easier) |
Deviant peer influence | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Number of friends who smoke | 1 | 0–4 | Item | How many of your four closest friends (0–4) smoke? |
   Number of friends who drink alcohol | 1 | 0–4 | Item | How many of your four closest friends (0–4) drink alcohol? |