Table 2 Different psychological, biological and sociological targets forchronic diseases
From: Psychosocial interventions for patients with chronic disease
Targets of psychosomatic therapy | Target 1 | Target 2 | Target 3 | Target 4 | Target 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Psychological reducing symptoms | depression | anxiety | hostility | pain | Â |
changing personality traits | self esteem | salutogenesis | type A | type C | type D |
changing attitudes to disease and life | coping abilities | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Behavioral changing behavior | adaption of illness behavior | smoking, alcohol | eating habits Vegetables and Low fat | physical activity | Â |
Sociological Gaining social support | social activities | going to work | better relationship with part ner/spouse | better relationship to other family members | better relation ship to friends a. neighbours |
Biological targets | harmonize the autonomic imbalance | influence the psycho- endocrino- logical stress response | influence the psychoen- docrinological stress response -cortisol, catecholamine axis) | Â | Â |
| Â | influence pathogenic psychoin- flammatory mechanism | influence pathogenic psycho- immunologic mechanism | Â | Â | Â |
| Â | influence cerebral regulation of the stress response | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Biological Targets: Disease oriented measurements | asthma: reduce tendencies for attacks of hyperventi lation | diabetes: reduce phases of hyper and hypo glycemia | atopic dermatitis: reduce phases of cratching | essential hy- Pretension: handel hypertensive crisis after emotional activation | Â |
Disease orient- ted management | information about disease | make regulatory doctor visits | behaviour according disease management needs | take regulatory drugs | Â |